Estrés oxidativo y antioxidantes: cómo mantener el equilibrio
Palabras clave:
antioxidantes, estrés oxidativo, oxidación, enzimasResumen
El estrés oxidativo originado por altas concentraciones de radicales libres y especies reactivas, derivadas de radicales o no, se considera causa de daño a los organismos vivos y a sus constituyentes celulares, de cáncer, de infecciones, de envejecimiento y de enfermedades inflamatorias y degenerativas, entre otras.
Sin embargo, algunos de ellos, como el óxido nítrico, son necesarios e importantes para los procesos de señalización y otras funciones fisiológicas, como por ejemplo, el mantenimiento del tono vascular y la tensión de oxígeno, y para la producción de eritropoyetina.
Los tratamientos e investigaciones se enfocan cada vez más hacia cómo mantener el equilibrio o restablecer la homeostasis de óxido- reducción, para tratar los procesos patológicos y favorecer los fisiológicos.
Biografía del autor/a
Sara María Lozada
Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
Lucy García
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas Médicas, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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