Molluscum contagiosum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29176/2590843X.304Keywords:
Molluscum contagiosum, poxviridae infections, child, immunosuppressionAbstract
Molluscum contagiosum infection affects between 5 and 16% of children under 16 years of age, especially those with atopic dermatitis. It is common in immunosuppressed patients, especially those with AIDS. It manifests as flesh tone papules, umbilicated, small in size, frequently located in the face and body folds. Its transmission occurs by direct contact with the skin or through fomites. In children, it is self-induced. In patients with AIDS, lesions can be greater in number and size as well as recurrent.
The diagnosis is made by clinical observation, but in uncertain cases the direct smear or the biopsy are conclusive. There are several treatment options; it depends on the clinical experience of each physician.
This review focuses on the main characteristics of this infection, exposing some properties of the virus and its development within epidermal keratinocytes. We summarize the main therapeutic approaches available for the management of these patients.
Author Biographies
Gerzaín Rodríguez
Médico dermatopatólogo; profesor, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia; docente, Hospital Universitario Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E., Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Dayana Arenas
Residente de Dermatología, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
References
The Derm101 Team. Molluscum contagiosum [Internet]. A clinical atlas of 101 common skin diseases; 2016. Fecha de consulta: 11 de enero de 2017. Disponible en: https://www.derm101.com/clinical-atlas/molluscum-contagiosum/all/.
Olsen JR, Gallacher J, Piguet V, Francis NA. Epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum in children: A systematic review. Fam Pract. 2014;31:130-6.
https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmt075
Fonseca D. Caracterización de la patología dermatológica presente en la población pediátrica infectada con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana del Hospital Militar Central atendida durante el año 2006. Rev Asoc Colomb Dermatol. 2008;16:72-81.
Laxmisha C, Thappa DM, Jaisankar TJ. Clinical profile of molluscum contagiosum in children versus adults. Dermatol Online J. 2003;9:1-9.
Chen X, Anstey A, Bugert J. Molluscum contagiosum virus infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13:877-88.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70109-9
Sanclemente G, Correa LA. Poxvirus que causan enfermedad en los seres humanos. Rev Asoc Colomb Dermatol. 2010;18:67-77.
Bergfeld W, Tarbox M. Orf infections and molluscum contagiosum. En: Procop G, Pritt B, editors. Pathology of Infectious Diseases. First edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2015; p.193-205.
Smith KJ, Yeager J, Skelton H. Molluscum contagiosum: Its clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical spectrum. Int J Dermatol. 1999;38:664-72.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1999.00677.x
Porras L, Tamayo-Buendía M, Sánchez-Vanegas G. Prevalencia de Infección por VIH en pacientes con patología dermatológica en un centro de referencia nacional, 2005-2006. Rev Salud Pública. 2009;11:613-9.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0124-00642009000400012
Eleftheriou LI, Kerr SC, Stratman EJ. Diagnosis of atypical molluscum contagiosum: The utility of a squash preparation. Clin Med Res. 2011;9:50-1.
https://doi.org/10.3121/cmr.2010.953
Chander R, Jabeen M, Malik M. Molluscum contagiosum-like lesions in histoid leprosy in a 10-year-old Indian boy. Pediatr Dermatol. 2013;30:261-2.
https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.12161
Santos-Arroyo AE, Nevares-Pomales OW, Almodóvar PI, Sánchez JL. Molluscum-like lesions in a 12- year-old boy: Challenge. Am J Dermatopathol. 2014;36:984.
https://doi.org/10.1097/DAD.0000000000000150
Negroni R. Cryptococcosis. Clin Dermatol. 2012;30:599-609.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.005
Patterson J. Viral diseases. En: Weedon's Skin Pathology. Fourth edition. London: Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier; 2016; p.717-46.e15.
Nguyen HP, Franz E, Stiegel KR, Hsu S, Tyring SK. Treatment of molluscum contagiosum in adult, pediatric, and immunodeficient populations. J Cutan Med Surg. 2014;18:299-306.
https://doi.org/10.2310/7750.2013.13133
Bard S, Shiman MI, Bellman B, Connelly EA. Treatment of facial molluscum contagiosum with trichloroacetic acid. Pediatr Dermatol. 2009;26:425-6.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.00945.x
Torbeck R, Pan M, de Moll E, Levitt J. Cantharidin: A comprehensive review of the clinical literature. Dermatol Online J. 2014;20:1-9.
Moye V, Cathcart S, Morrell DS. Safety of cantharidin: A retrospective review of cantharidin treatment in 405 children with molluscum contagiosum. Pediatr Dermatol. 2014;31:1-5.
https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.12276
Hanna D, Hatami A, Powell J, Marcoux D, Maari C, Savard P, et al. A prospective randomized trial comparing the efficacy and adverse effects of four recognized treatments of molluscum contagiosum in children. Pediatr Dermatol. 2006;23:574-9.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1470.2006.00313.x
van der Wouden JC, van der Sande R, van Suijlekom-Smit L, Berger M, Butler CC. Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;4:CD004767.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004767.pub3
Al-Mutairi N, Al-Doukhi A, Al-Farag S, Al-Haddad A. Comparative study on the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of imiquimod 5% cream versus cryotherapy for molluscum contagiosum in children. Pediatr Dermatol. 2010;27:388-94.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.00974.x
Klinda G, Urban P, Philipp CM, Berlien H-P. 532Nm laser treatment of molluscum contagiosum. Med Laser Appl. 2011;26:172-5.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mla.2011.08.005
Valentine CL, Diven D. Treatment modalities for molluscum contagiosum. Dermatol Ther. 2000;13:285-9.
How to Cite
Downloads
![](https://revista.asocolderma.org.co/public/journals/1/article_304_cover_es_ES.jpg)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Article metrics | |
---|---|
Abstract views | |
Galley vies | |
PDF Views | |
HTML views | |
Other views |