Skin diseases in patients with HIV infection from Manizales, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29176/2590843X.1516Keywords:
Skin manifestations, Dermatoses, Skin disease, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)Abstract
Introduction: Infectious and non-infectious dermatoses are highly prevalent among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and may be important for diagnostic and follow-up purposes. Although there is extensive documentation of such dermatoses in other populations, especially in developed countries, little is known about it in Latin America populations like ours.
Objective: To describe the dermatological findings of patients with HIV in Manizales city, and to determine the distribution of these according to the immunological and virological state.
Methods: Cross-sectional study. Data were collected through interrogation, review of clinical history and physical examination of patients with confirmed HIV diagnosis in the outpatient dermatology clinics of the Universidad de Caldas in Manizales, Colombia, from 2012 to 2013.
Results: We included 123 patients (26 women and 97 men) with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 40 (19) years. 93% were receiving antiretroviral therapy and the median (IQR) of the CD4 + T cell count was 350 (326) per mL. 9 in 10 patients had at least one dermatosis, 73.2% presenting a non-infectious disease and 68.3% presenting an infectious one. The most frequent infectious dermatoses were tinea pedis (37%), anogenital condylomas (25%) and onychomycosis (19%); while the most frequent non-infectious were seborrheic dermatitis (18%), xeroderma (10%) and lipoatrophy (8%). Melanonychia and pruritic papular rash were more frequent in subjects with lower CD4 LT counts and infectious dermatoses in those with higher viral loads.
Conclusions: Infectious and non-infectious cutaneous manifestations are highly prevalent among patients with HIV in our local setting, with a higher burden of non-infectious dermatoses. Some dermatological disorders are more frequent in patients with greater deterioration of their immune system and a higher viral load.
Author Biographies
Simón Gallo-Echeverri
Sección de Dermatología, Centro de Investigaciones Dermatológicas CIDERM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia.
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-2516
César Caraballo-Cordovez
Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale New Haven Health, New Haven, CT, Estados Unidos.
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-9437
Ana María Hoyos-Zuluaga
Departamento de Dermatología, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia. ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8460-3639
Consuelo Vélez-Álvarez
Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia. ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-7304
Wilson Galvis-Franco, MD
Sección de Dermatología, Centro de Investigaciones Dermatológicas CIDERM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia.
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1674-3506
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