Vitiligo and vitamin D
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29176/2590843X.428Keywords:
Vitiligo, Vitamin D, Melanocytes, vitamin D deficiencyAbstract
Vitiligo is the most common acquired skin depigmentation. It is characterized by acromic macules that affect the self-image of patients and negatively impact their quality of life. Among the theories about the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo, is autoimmunity. Vitamin D deficiency has been demonstrated in numerous autoimmune diseases.
Vitamin D is an essential hormone with pleiotropic effects, and especially antiapoptotic functions and modifiers of the proliferation and differentiation of melanocytes. Hypothetically, it can play a coadjuvant role in the repigmentation of vitiliginous lesions. The immunoregulatory activity of vitamin D could be used in the treatment of vitiligo.
Next, there is a review of the subject on vitiligo, its relationship with the concentrations of vitamin D and the influences that could have on the physiopathology. In addition, its possible use as a therapeutic tool for vitiligo is analyzed. The behavior of vitamin D levels in deficiency and insufficiency ranges between vitiligo patients and healthy controls are controversial, some show lower levels in the vitiligo group and others do not show differences between the groups. Despite the above, recent studies suggest a relationship between vitamin D insufficiency in patients with vitiligo and a higher risk of suffering from other autoimmune diseases and that the use of high doses of vitamin D in patients with vitiligo could improve the repigmentation. The information reviewed allows us to conclude that the relationship between vitiligo and vitamin D levels requires more studies to clarify its role in immunopathogenesis and the likelihood of recommending its therapeutic use.
Author Biographies
Andrea Castaño Villegas
Médica, residente de Dermatología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Catalina Moreno Zuluaga
Médica, residente de Dermatología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Leonardo Javier Medina Albis
Médico dermatólogo; docente de Dermatología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Centro de Investigaciones Dermatológicas CIDERM
Óscar Jairo Valencia Ocampo
Médico dermatólogo; docente de Dermatología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Centro de Investigaciones Dermatológicas CIDERM
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