El mastocito y la mastocitosis
Palabras clave:
Mastocitos, Mastocitosis, Urticaria pigmentosa.Resumen
Se efectúa una revisión de la morfología, bioquímica y funciones del mastocito, célula completa que juega un rol central en las reacciones de hipersensibilidad, pero también en otros cuadros patológicos (urticaria, diátesis atópica, hemangiomas, penfigoide ampolloso, respuesta a las picaduras de insecto, queloides y esclerosis sistémica) y en su estado patológico más propio, la urticaria pigmentosa. Los mastocitos están diferenciados en subpoblaciones heterogéneas: los de las mucosas y del tejido conectivo, con diferencias en su morfología y función. Es una célula pluripotencial, influida por su ambiente (vgr: tejido conectivo o intestino) y que realiza un papel de centinela en la protección del huésped ante la invasión de organismos infecciosos o proteínas extrañas.
Biografía del autor/a
Carlos Escobar R, Universidad del Valle
MD. Profesor Adjunto, Facultad de Salud, Sección de Dermatología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
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