Envejecimiento cutáneo
Palabras clave:
envejecimiento de la piel, senescencia celular, ancianoResumen
El envejecimiento es un proceso fisiológico determinado por múltiples factores externos e internos. La modificación de cada uno de estos factores puede hacer de éste un proceso patológico y acelerado. La piel, como órgano, sufre cambios propios que tendrán una presentación clínica característica, ocasionada por los cambios estructurales y funcionales.
El conocimiento de las características del envejecimiento cutáneo nos permite entender los cambios que se presentan para anticiparnos a los cuadros clínicos causados por él y diseñar estrategias preventivas que nos permitan envejecer saludablemente.
Biografía del autor/a
Sara María Lozada
Residente de tercer año de Dermatología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Ricardo Rueda
Dermatólogo, dermatopatólogo, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
Referencias bibliográficas
1. Yaar M, Mark E, Gilchrest B. Fifty years of skin aging. Symposium proceedings. J Invest Dermatol 2002;7:51-8.
2. Collado M, Blasco MA, Serrano M. Cellular senescence in cancer and aging. Cell. 2007;13:223-33.
3. Life expectancy will be 100. Fecha de acceso: 24 de febrero de 2009. Disponible en: http//www.news24.com/News24/Technology/News/0,2-13-1443_1885709,00.html
4. Yannas I. Tissue and organ regeneration in adults. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2001.
5. Farage MA, Miller KW, Eslner P, Maibach HI. Intrinsec and extrinsic factor in skin ageing: a review. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2008;30:87-95.
6. Fallin MD, Matteini A. Genetic epidemiology in aging research. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64:47-60.
7. Naumova E, Ivanova M. Immunogenetics of aging. En: Pawelec G. Immunosenescence. New York: Landes Bioscience and Springer Science; 2007, p. 137-53.
8. Yung RL, Julius A. Epigenetics, aging, and autoimmunity. Autoimmunity. 2008;41: 329-35.
9. Naumova E, Pawelec G, Ivanova H, Constantinesco I, Boqunia-Kubic B, Lange A, et aI. Fourteenth annual international HLA and immunogenetics workshop: Report on the immunogenetics of aging. Tissue Antigens. 2007; 69:304-10.
10. Bonafe M, Olivieri F, Cavallone L, Giogvanetti S, Mayegiani F, Cardelli M, et al. A gender-dependent genetic predisposition to produce high levels of IL-6 is detrimental for longevity. Eur J Immunol. 2001;31:2357-61.
11. Lio D, Scola L, Crivello A, Colonna-Romano G, Candore G, Bonafé M, et al. Gender-specific association between -1082 IL-I0 promoter polymorphism and longeviry. Genes lmmun. 2002;3:30-3.
12. Foley D, Craig J, Morley R, Olsson C, Dwyer T, Smith K, et al. Prospects for epigenetic epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169:389-400.
13. De Boeck G, Forsyth R, Praet M, Hogendoorn P. Telomereassociated proteins: cross-talk between telomere maintenance and telomere-lengthening mechanisms. J Pathol. 2009;217:327-44.
14. Rhie G, Shin M, Seo J, Choi W, Cho K, Kim K, et al. Aging and photoaging-dependent changes of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in the epidermis and dermis of human skin in vivo. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;117:1212-7.
15. Clark S. Aging as war between chemical and biochemical processes: Protein methylation and the recognition of agedamaged proteins for repair. Ageing Res Rev. 2003;2:263-85.
16. Dorshkind K, Montecino-Rodríguez E, Signer R. The ageing immune system: is it ever too old to become young again? Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9:53-62.
17. Lamberts SWJ, van den Beld AW, van der Lely AJ. The endocrinology of aging. Science. 1997;278:419-24.
18. Quiroga R. Anti-aging medicine as it relates to dermatology. En: Burgess C. Cosmetic dermatology. Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 1-16.
19. Calleja-Agius J, Muscat-Baron Y, Brincat M. Skin ageing. Menopause Int. 2007;13:60-4.
20. Kennedy C, Bastiaens M, Bajdik C, Willenzw R, Westendorp R, Bavinck J, et al. Effect of smoking and sun on the aging skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120:548–54.
21. Frances C, Boisnic S, Hartmann DJ, Dautzenberg B, Branchet MC, Charpentier YL, et al. Changes in the elastic tissue of the non-sun-exposed skin of cigarette smokers. Br J Dermatol. 1991;125:43-7.
22. Just-Sarobé M. Hábito de fumar y piel. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2008;99:173-84.
23. Lahmann C, Bergemann J, Harrison G, Young AR. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and skin ageing in smokers. Lancet. 2001;357:935-6.
24. Castelo-Branco C, Figueras F, Martínez MJ, Varnell JA. Facial wrinkling in postmenopausal women. Effects of smoking status and hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas. 1998;29:75-86.
25. Kadunce DP, Burr R, Gress R, Kanner R, Lyon JL, Zone JJ. Cigarette smoking: Risk factor for premature facial wrinkling. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:840-4.
26. De Hertog SAE, Wensveen CAH, Bastiaens MT, Kielich C, Berkhout M, Westerndorp R, et al. The relation between smoking and skin cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:231-8.
27. Bosset S, Bonnet-Duquennoy M, Barre P, Chalon A, Kurfurst R, Bonte F, et al. Photoageing shows histological features of chronic skin inflammation without clinical and molecular abnormalities. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149:826-35.
28. Guzmán E, Langowski JL, Owen-Schaub L. Mad dogs, Englishmen and apoptosis: the role of cell death in UV-induced skin cancer. Apoptosis. 2003;8:315-25.
29. Domyati E, Attia S, Saleh F, Brown D, Birk DE, Gasparro F, et al. Intrinsic aging Vs. photoaging: a comparative histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of skin. Exp Dermatol. 2002;11:398-405.
30. Bennet M, Robinson M, Baron E, Cooper K. Skin immune systems and inflammation: protector of the skin or promoter of aging? Symposium Proceedings. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;13:15-9.
31. Krejci-Papa N, Langdon R. Skin aging in three dimensions. En: Burgess C. Cosmetic Dermatology. Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 133-42.
32. Lin SJ, Kaeberlein M, Andalis AA, Sturz LA, Defosses PA, Culotta VC, et al. Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration. Nature. 2002;418:344-8.
33. Fontana L. The scientific basis of caloric restriction leading to longer life. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2009;25:144-50.
34. Yaar M, Gilchrest BA. Skin aging: postulated mechanisms and consequent changes in structure and function. Clin Geriatr Med. 2001;17:617-30.
35. Waller JM, Maibach HI. Age and skin structure and function, a quantitative approach II: blood flow, pH, thickness, and ultrasound echogenicity. Skin Res Technol. 2005;11:221-35.
36. Phillips T, Kanj L. Clinical manifestations of skin aging. In: Squier C, Hill MW, editors. The effect of aging in oral mucosa and skin. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 1994. p. 25-40.
37. Latkowski JA, Freedberg IM. Epidermal cell kinetics, epidermal differentiation and keratinization. En: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Fitzpatrick TB, editors. Fitzpatrick’s dermatology in general medicine. Fifth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1999. p. 133-43.
38. Elias PM. Stratum corneum architecture, metabolic activity and interactivity with subjacent cell layers. Exp Dermatol. 1996;5:191-201.
39. Ghadially R, Brown BE, Sequeira-Martin SM, Feingold KR, Elias PM. The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. J Clin Invest. 1995;95:2281-90.
40. Martini F. Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology. San Francisco: Benjamin-Cummings; 2004.
41. Bleiker TO, Graham-Brown RA. Diagnosing skin disease in the elderly. Practitioner. 2000;244:974-81.
42. Duncan KO, Leffell DJ. Preoperative assessment of the elderly patient. Dermatol Clin. 1997;15:583-93.
43. Farage M, Miller KW, Elsner P, Maibach HI. Structural characteristics of the aging skin: a review. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2007;26:343-57.
44. Farage M, Miller K, Berardesca E, Maibach H. Clinical implication of aging skin cutaneous disorders in the elderly. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2009;10:73-86.
45. Grove GL. Physiologic changes in older skin. Clin Geriatr Med. 1989;5:115-25.
46. Baranoski S. Skin tears: the enemy of frail skin. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2000;13:123-6.
47. Wolff K, Johnson R, Suurmond R. Fitzpatrick’s color atlas and synopsis of clinical dermatology. 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional; 2005.
48. Loo WJ, Burrows NP. Management of autoimmune skin disorders in the elderly. Drugs Aging. 2004;21:767-77.
49. Mutasim DF. Autoimmune bullous dermatoses in the elderly: diagnosis and management. Drugs Aging. 2003;20:663-81.
50. Neill SM, Tatnall FM, Cox NH. Guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus. Br J Dermatol. 2002;147:640-9.
51. Beauregard S, Gilchrest BA. A survey of skin problems and skin care regimens in the elderly. Arch Dermatol. 1987;123:1638-43.
52. Braun M, Lowitt MH. Pruritus. Adv Dermatol. 2001;17:1-27.
53. Tavadia S, Bianchi J, Dawe RS, McEvoy M, Wiggins E, Hamill E, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis in venous leg ulcer patients. Contact Derm. 2003;48:261-5.
54. Fitzpatrick JE. Common inflammatory skin diseases of the elderly. Geriatrics. 1989;44:40-6.
55. Jung M, Kelly K, Mc Cullough J. Skin aging: pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. In: Rattan S, Kassem M, editors. Prevention and treatment of age-related diseases. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. 2006. p. 175-92.
2. Collado M, Blasco MA, Serrano M. Cellular senescence in cancer and aging. Cell. 2007;13:223-33.
3. Life expectancy will be 100. Fecha de acceso: 24 de febrero de 2009. Disponible en: http//www.news24.com/News24/Technology/News/0,2-13-1443_1885709,00.html
4. Yannas I. Tissue and organ regeneration in adults. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2001.
5. Farage MA, Miller KW, Eslner P, Maibach HI. Intrinsec and extrinsic factor in skin ageing: a review. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2008;30:87-95.
6. Fallin MD, Matteini A. Genetic epidemiology in aging research. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64:47-60.
7. Naumova E, Ivanova M. Immunogenetics of aging. En: Pawelec G. Immunosenescence. New York: Landes Bioscience and Springer Science; 2007, p. 137-53.
8. Yung RL, Julius A. Epigenetics, aging, and autoimmunity. Autoimmunity. 2008;41: 329-35.
9. Naumova E, Pawelec G, Ivanova H, Constantinesco I, Boqunia-Kubic B, Lange A, et aI. Fourteenth annual international HLA and immunogenetics workshop: Report on the immunogenetics of aging. Tissue Antigens. 2007; 69:304-10.
10. Bonafe M, Olivieri F, Cavallone L, Giogvanetti S, Mayegiani F, Cardelli M, et al. A gender-dependent genetic predisposition to produce high levels of IL-6 is detrimental for longevity. Eur J Immunol. 2001;31:2357-61.
11. Lio D, Scola L, Crivello A, Colonna-Romano G, Candore G, Bonafé M, et al. Gender-specific association between -1082 IL-I0 promoter polymorphism and longeviry. Genes lmmun. 2002;3:30-3.
12. Foley D, Craig J, Morley R, Olsson C, Dwyer T, Smith K, et al. Prospects for epigenetic epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169:389-400.
13. De Boeck G, Forsyth R, Praet M, Hogendoorn P. Telomereassociated proteins: cross-talk between telomere maintenance and telomere-lengthening mechanisms. J Pathol. 2009;217:327-44.
14. Rhie G, Shin M, Seo J, Choi W, Cho K, Kim K, et al. Aging and photoaging-dependent changes of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in the epidermis and dermis of human skin in vivo. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;117:1212-7.
15. Clark S. Aging as war between chemical and biochemical processes: Protein methylation and the recognition of agedamaged proteins for repair. Ageing Res Rev. 2003;2:263-85.
16. Dorshkind K, Montecino-Rodríguez E, Signer R. The ageing immune system: is it ever too old to become young again? Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9:53-62.
17. Lamberts SWJ, van den Beld AW, van der Lely AJ. The endocrinology of aging. Science. 1997;278:419-24.
18. Quiroga R. Anti-aging medicine as it relates to dermatology. En: Burgess C. Cosmetic dermatology. Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 1-16.
19. Calleja-Agius J, Muscat-Baron Y, Brincat M. Skin ageing. Menopause Int. 2007;13:60-4.
20. Kennedy C, Bastiaens M, Bajdik C, Willenzw R, Westendorp R, Bavinck J, et al. Effect of smoking and sun on the aging skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120:548–54.
21. Frances C, Boisnic S, Hartmann DJ, Dautzenberg B, Branchet MC, Charpentier YL, et al. Changes in the elastic tissue of the non-sun-exposed skin of cigarette smokers. Br J Dermatol. 1991;125:43-7.
22. Just-Sarobé M. Hábito de fumar y piel. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2008;99:173-84.
23. Lahmann C, Bergemann J, Harrison G, Young AR. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and skin ageing in smokers. Lancet. 2001;357:935-6.
24. Castelo-Branco C, Figueras F, Martínez MJ, Varnell JA. Facial wrinkling in postmenopausal women. Effects of smoking status and hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas. 1998;29:75-86.
25. Kadunce DP, Burr R, Gress R, Kanner R, Lyon JL, Zone JJ. Cigarette smoking: Risk factor for premature facial wrinkling. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:840-4.
26. De Hertog SAE, Wensveen CAH, Bastiaens MT, Kielich C, Berkhout M, Westerndorp R, et al. The relation between smoking and skin cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:231-8.
27. Bosset S, Bonnet-Duquennoy M, Barre P, Chalon A, Kurfurst R, Bonte F, et al. Photoageing shows histological features of chronic skin inflammation without clinical and molecular abnormalities. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149:826-35.
28. Guzmán E, Langowski JL, Owen-Schaub L. Mad dogs, Englishmen and apoptosis: the role of cell death in UV-induced skin cancer. Apoptosis. 2003;8:315-25.
29. Domyati E, Attia S, Saleh F, Brown D, Birk DE, Gasparro F, et al. Intrinsic aging Vs. photoaging: a comparative histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of skin. Exp Dermatol. 2002;11:398-405.
30. Bennet M, Robinson M, Baron E, Cooper K. Skin immune systems and inflammation: protector of the skin or promoter of aging? Symposium Proceedings. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;13:15-9.
31. Krejci-Papa N, Langdon R. Skin aging in three dimensions. En: Burgess C. Cosmetic Dermatology. Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 133-42.
32. Lin SJ, Kaeberlein M, Andalis AA, Sturz LA, Defosses PA, Culotta VC, et al. Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration. Nature. 2002;418:344-8.
33. Fontana L. The scientific basis of caloric restriction leading to longer life. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2009;25:144-50.
34. Yaar M, Gilchrest BA. Skin aging: postulated mechanisms and consequent changes in structure and function. Clin Geriatr Med. 2001;17:617-30.
35. Waller JM, Maibach HI. Age and skin structure and function, a quantitative approach II: blood flow, pH, thickness, and ultrasound echogenicity. Skin Res Technol. 2005;11:221-35.
36. Phillips T, Kanj L. Clinical manifestations of skin aging. In: Squier C, Hill MW, editors. The effect of aging in oral mucosa and skin. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 1994. p. 25-40.
37. Latkowski JA, Freedberg IM. Epidermal cell kinetics, epidermal differentiation and keratinization. En: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Fitzpatrick TB, editors. Fitzpatrick’s dermatology in general medicine. Fifth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1999. p. 133-43.
38. Elias PM. Stratum corneum architecture, metabolic activity and interactivity with subjacent cell layers. Exp Dermatol. 1996;5:191-201.
39. Ghadially R, Brown BE, Sequeira-Martin SM, Feingold KR, Elias PM. The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. J Clin Invest. 1995;95:2281-90.
40. Martini F. Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology. San Francisco: Benjamin-Cummings; 2004.
41. Bleiker TO, Graham-Brown RA. Diagnosing skin disease in the elderly. Practitioner. 2000;244:974-81.
42. Duncan KO, Leffell DJ. Preoperative assessment of the elderly patient. Dermatol Clin. 1997;15:583-93.
43. Farage M, Miller KW, Elsner P, Maibach HI. Structural characteristics of the aging skin: a review. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2007;26:343-57.
44. Farage M, Miller K, Berardesca E, Maibach H. Clinical implication of aging skin cutaneous disorders in the elderly. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2009;10:73-86.
45. Grove GL. Physiologic changes in older skin. Clin Geriatr Med. 1989;5:115-25.
46. Baranoski S. Skin tears: the enemy of frail skin. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2000;13:123-6.
47. Wolff K, Johnson R, Suurmond R. Fitzpatrick’s color atlas and synopsis of clinical dermatology. 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional; 2005.
48. Loo WJ, Burrows NP. Management of autoimmune skin disorders in the elderly. Drugs Aging. 2004;21:767-77.
49. Mutasim DF. Autoimmune bullous dermatoses in the elderly: diagnosis and management. Drugs Aging. 2003;20:663-81.
50. Neill SM, Tatnall FM, Cox NH. Guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus. Br J Dermatol. 2002;147:640-9.
51. Beauregard S, Gilchrest BA. A survey of skin problems and skin care regimens in the elderly. Arch Dermatol. 1987;123:1638-43.
52. Braun M, Lowitt MH. Pruritus. Adv Dermatol. 2001;17:1-27.
53. Tavadia S, Bianchi J, Dawe RS, McEvoy M, Wiggins E, Hamill E, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis in venous leg ulcer patients. Contact Derm. 2003;48:261-5.
54. Fitzpatrick JE. Common inflammatory skin diseases of the elderly. Geriatrics. 1989;44:40-6.
55. Jung M, Kelly K, Mc Cullough J. Skin aging: pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. In: Rattan S, Kassem M, editors. Prevention and treatment of age-related diseases. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. 2006. p. 175-92.
Cómo citar
1.
Lozada SM, Rueda R. Envejecimiento cutáneo. rev. asoc. colomb. dermatol. cir. dematol. [Internet]. 14 de febrero de 2019 [citado 6 de mayo de 2024];18(1):10-7. Disponible en: https://revista.asocolderma.org.co/index.php/asocolderma/article/view/185
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Cómo citar
1.
Lozada SM, Rueda R. Envejecimiento cutáneo. rev. asoc. colomb. dermatol. cir. dematol. [Internet]. 14 de febrero de 2019 [citado 6 de mayo de 2024];18(1):10-7. Disponible en: https://revista.asocolderma.org.co/index.php/asocolderma/article/view/185
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